Creating a tropical paradise in your household garden is possible even in the UK’s unpredictable weather. By carefully selecting and nurturing exotic plant species, you can achieve a beautiful and lush garden. In this article, we will explore the best exotic plants that can survive and flourish in the UK, along with the ideal planting times, care tips, and techniques to ensure their vitality.
Chusan Palm (Trachycarpus fortunei)
Originating from South and Central China, the Chusan Palm is a resilient and low-maintenance palm tree that thrives in cooler climates. Its fan-shaped leaves and attractive crown make it a popular choice for adding a touch of the tropics to your garden.
To protect the palm during colder temperatures, it’s recommended to wrap its leaves. Plant it in a large container or in a spot sheltered from the wind. The Chusan Palm adapts well to various lighting conditions and can be planted individually or in groups. Ensure the soil allows moderate drainage, avoiding water pooling. While it thrives in most soil types, it is best to avoid chalky soil.
You can grow Chusan palms from seeds by sowing them in a small container with a thin layer of soil. Provide warm and humid conditions, along with sufficient light. Winter or early spring is the optimal time for seed germination. Young plants are slightly less hardy than mature palms, so take extra care during their establishment.
Once established, the Chusan Palm requires watering only during drier periods. It thrives in direct sunlight but can tolerate fewer sunlit hours. Planting it in the ground under full sun will promote faster growth, while a potted Chusan Palm in a shady area will result in slower growth. Despite harsh winters, it can survive unprotected in most areas of the UK.
Jelly Palm (Butia capitata)
The Jelly Palm is known for its endurance in harsh weather conditions. Its arching evergreen, silvery-blue leaves add grace and gentle movement to any tropical garden. Plant it in well-draining soil, such as clay, loam, or sand, and choose a well-sheltered spot. For added protection, consider planting it near larger plants.
Due to its ability to adapt to smaller spaces, the Jelly Palm is also suitable for containers, making it ideal for sunny patios, terraces, and smaller gardens. This slow-growing palm tree is tolerant of salt, heat, and drought, making it one of the hardiest plants. It easily withstands temperatures down to -10 degrees Celsius. Ensure adequate watering without excessive moisture. Propagate the Jelly Palm through its seeds in the spring.
Bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra)
If you desire a truly exotic and tropical garden, bamboo is an excellent choice. It withstands harsh weather conditions and adds a unique accent to any landscape. Bamboo serves as an outstanding focal point due to its dramatic foliage. It can be grown both in the ground and in containers, in full sun or partial shade.
Bamboo thrives best in fertile, humus-rich, moist, and well-drained loam soil. However, be cautious as it can become invasive under warm and moist conditions. To maintain its visual appeal, remove any weak, damaged, or spindly stems in spring and thin it out to showcase its best features. Avoid flowering shoots to discourage more from forming. Propagation is best done in the spring.
Ginger Lily (Hedychium aurantiacum)
The Ginger Lily is a bulb-like plant that produces vibrant red flowers in late summer and early fall. Its intense fragrance and tropical appearance make it an excellent addition to patios and terraces. The Ginger Lily thrives in both full sun and partial shade, preferring rich, medium to wet, and well-drained soil.
Plant it in the ground after the last frost date in spring. During winter, lift and store it in slightly moist vermiculite or peat in a cool and dry location. If grown indoors, ensure the container is placed in a cool, dry, and frost-free spot. With average maintenance and watering, the Ginger Lily will flourish.
Japanese Banana (Musa basjoo)
For a jungle-like garden, the Japanese Banana is an ideal choice. It produces lush, green, and large leaves every year, along with (inedible) fruits when matured. Although it can grow in milder parts of the UK, it requires winter protection. The Japanese Banana can endure temperatures as low as -12 degrees Celsius, making it one of the best banana tree varieties for UK gardens.
Plant it in humus-rich, well-drained soil under full sunlight. Consistently moist soil is necessary, as it doesn’t tolerate dry conditions well. Shelter the plant from strong winds to prevent leaf damage. Propagation can be done through seeds as soon as they ripen or by separating the suckers in early spring.
Spanish Dagger (Yucca gloriosa)
The Spanish Dagger is an evergreen plant that thrives in harsh weather conditions, which makes it perfect for introducing your kids to gardening. Its blue-green, sword-shaped leaves and bell-shaped white flowers create a striking visual impact. Grow it in dry to medium moisture soils, including poor and sandy soils, in full sun or a few hours of shade.
This drought and salt-tolerant plant can be propagated by seed or by removing rooted suckers. Regular pruning is not necessary, but removing spent flowering stems can enhance its appearance. The Spanish Dagger requires minimal watering and is easy to maintain.
Canary Island Date Palm (Phoenix canariensis)
Featuring deep green leaves, the Canary Island Date Palm is a spectacular addition to any tropical garden, according to professional gardeners. It thrives in a sunny spot sheltered from cold winds. This slow-growing palm tree has a stout trunk with a rich green crown. While it can tolerate drought and salt once established, temperatures below -8 degrees Celsius may cause damage. In containers, it remains compact for an extended period.
Plant it in fertile, medium moisture, and well-drained loam soil under full sun. Moderate watering is necessary during growth, while winter months require more sparing watering. Prune any dead leaves, cutting close to the leaf base, to maintain a neat appearance. Propagate the Canary Island Date Palm through seeds when temperatures rise above 25 degrees Celsius. Be cautious not to over-water, as excessive moisture can cause invasiveness.
Begonia “Glowing Embers”
Begonias, with their lopsided leaves and abundant orange flowers, are a must-have for a tropical garden. The “Glowing Embers” variety blooms from July to October, showcasing its vibrant flowers against dark-purple bronze foliage.
Perfect for filling gaps in your garden, begonias excel in baskets and pots. Keep them well-watered for optimal growth. They can thrive in full sun, partial shade, and full shade. Plant them in May and June in well-drained soil, regardless of whether it is light, heavy, sandy, or clay.
For a more visually-striking tropical garden, create layers through their foliage. Combine species with bold and dazzling flowers to accentuate the greenery and add depth to your garden landscape.
Conclusion
With the right selection and care, you can transform your household garden in the UK into a thriving and exotic paradise. By incorporating resilient plants like the Chusan Palm, Jelly Palm, Bamboo, Ginger Lily, Japanese Banana, Spanish Dagger, and Canary Island Date Palm, along with the vibrant Begonia “Glowing Embers,” you can create a tropical haven. Remember to provide the appropriate care and the right growing conditions for each plant to flourish. Enjoy the beauty of your lush and vibrant garden!
